employee
employee
employee from 01.01.2021 until now
Ryazan State Agrotechnological University Named After P.A. Kostychev (Kafedra agronomii i zaschity rasteniy, Docent)
employee from 01.01.2021 until now
Ryazan, Orel, Russian Federation
employee
VAK Russia 4.1.2
VAK Russia 4.1.3
VAK Russia 4.1.4
VAK Russia 4.1.5
VAK Russia 4.2.1
VAK Russia 4.2.2
VAK Russia 4.2.3
VAK Russia 4.2.4
VAK Russia 4.2.5
VAK Russia 4.3.3
VAK Russia 4.3.5
UDC 633.34
UDC 631.53.04
UDC 631.559
The purpose of the research is to establish the influence of the soybean seeding rate on grain yield and quality. The research was conducted in the Ryazan region on experimental plots of the Department of Breeding and primary seed production of the ISA, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FNATS VIM. The object of the study is soy of the Snezhana variety. The soil of the experimental site is dark gray woody, heavy loamy. The pH of the salt extract is 5.25, the pH hydrolytic acidity is 4.92 mg-eq./100 g.The content of humus according to Tyurin is 5.3 %, total nitrogen is 0.25 %, and hydrolysis nitrogen is 122.8 mg/kg. The Kirsanov content of mobile phosphorus is 340 mg/kg of soil, exchangeable potassium is 192 mg/kg of soil. The protein and oil content in seeds was determined by infrared spectroscopy using an Infratec 1241 whole grain analyzer. The experimental scheme included variants with different rates: 0.33, 0.44, 0.55, 0.66, 0.77, 0.88, 0.99 million units/ha. The hydrothermal coefficient for the growing season in 2023 was 1.04, and in 2024 it was 0.95 with annual averages of 1.23. The height of soybean plants was 98.2–131.2 cm. The optimal height of attachment of the lower bean during the research was revealed at a seeding rate of 0.55 million units/ha – 12.2 cm. The lowest branching was detected at a seeding rate of 0.88–0.99 million units/ha and amounted to 0.5–0.7 units. The number of productive nodes during the study period on the main stem ranged from 10.5 to 15.4 pcs., on the side stems from 1.7 to 25.4 pcs. From 29.0 to 53.8 pieces of beans were formed on the main stem, from 2.8 to 53.4 pieces on the side stems. The largest number of seeds from the plant was obtained at a seeding rate of 0.55 million units/ha – 242.2 units. The highest yield was obtained at a seeding rate of 0.66 million units/ha – 2.23 t/ha. The mass fraction of protein was in the range of 38.5–38.9 %, oil 19.6–19.8 %. The largest protein harvest was obtained at a seeding rate of 0.55–0.66 million units/ha – 837.6–867.5 kg, oil harvest was 427.5–437.1 kg/ha.
soybean, seeding rate, crop structure, yield, quality
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