At present nanotechnologies have gained powerful devel- opment in the world, the volume of industrial production ofnanomaterials is increasing every day, reaching several thou- sand tons per year in developed countries. Unnatural very small engineered particles are released into the environment as a result of such human activities. Nanoparticles causing an unprecedented type of industrial pollution directly affect all living organisms. Therefore, the risks caused by engineered nanomaterials both to humans and environment have to be evaluated. The purpose of the review is analyzing the world literature about the effects of one of the most widespread silver nanoparticles on living organisms of different levels of biological organization and habitats. It is shown that safety issues with engineered nanoparticles are studied using biotesting methods by the world scientific community. When studying the effect of nanoparticles on various biological ob- jects, the literature describes ambiguous results. This is prob- ably not only due to the absence of standard biotests, test functions and experimental conditions, but also due to nano- particles characteristics. It has been established that engi- neered silver nanoparticles can have both positive and nega- tive or neutral effects upon different test objects. The most sensitive organisms to silver nanoparticles were unicellular algae and water crustaceans; this fact makes water ecosys- tems one of the most vulnerable objects of the environment to their effect. High sensitivity of specified organisms puts them in a row of very perspective test objects for carrying out expe- ditious monitoring of quality of the environments polluted by silver nanoparticles.
silver nanoparticles, biotesting, micromycetes, algae, crustaceans, cell cultures, plants, size and shape of nanoparticles
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