Against difficult financial and material situation of rural producers who almost cannot support high standard of farming in modern conditions, using power- and resource-saving methods of agriculture allows to carry out the task of increasing arable land productivity. The researches were conducted in a steppe zone of Buryatia, on the chernozyom soil on agronomic station of the Chair of Geoponics of Buryat BSAA within five years. The soil of agro-nomic station is characterized by low maintenance of humus (3.94 %), high mobile phosphorus and exchange potassium and the truncated humic hori-zon, and also neutral reaction of soil solution and low sum of absorbed bases. The experiment was made in field crop rotation: pure fallow - wheat - oats. The total area of allotments was 600 sq.m, the registration was 100 sq.m. In the research 7 options of processing of bare fallow including three options of processing based on plowing, two vari-ants - on subsurface cultivation and one type was based on zero tillage and one is on semifallow cul-tivation are given. It is shown that in the conditions of the steppe of Buryatia the best system of prepa-ration of bare fallow are the processings based on plowing (dump, dump with retilling and combined). Planing systems of bare fallow processing remain on the second place, and herbicidal preparation concede to all the systems of bare fallow pro-cessing mentioned above. Semifallow land system of bare fallow cultivation used in the agricultural enterprises of the republic provides lower productiv-ity of spring wheat than other systems of fallow cul-tivation. The aftereffect of different cultivating sys-tems of complete fallow on the capacity of the se-cond crop after the fallow - the oats - has the same tendencies than it has during direct influence except for the variant of semifallow system of com-plete fallow cultivation where the decrease it is ob-served in comparison with control.