The speciation and the emergence of endemic forms below the species rank in the Russian Far East, associated with the transition zones ocean-continent, forest-steppe, sub-Alps-mountain tundra, where the air and soil chemism, solar radiation have peculiarities that encourage mutagenesis are considered in the article. As a result, in supralittoral ecosystems and large grass communities there are endems not less than 20 %, in sub-Alps from 14 %, in mixed oak genesis forests 1,5-2 %. Moreover, the part of endems in the supralittoral and the nearest coastal zone have a particularly valuable medicinal, ornamental and nutritional properties.