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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">Bulletin of KSAU</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">Bulletin of KSAU</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Вестник КрасГАУ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">1819-4036</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">111833</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36718/1819-4036-2026-5-273-289</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="edn">kcqoiu</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Пищевые технологии</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Food technology</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Пищевые технологии</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">STUDY OF PROCESSES REGULARITIES OF TEA LEAF FIXATION FOR GREEN LEAF TEA PRODUCTION USING HOT AIR AND INFRARED IRRADIATION METHODS</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТЕЙ ПРОЦЕССОВ ФИКСАЦИИ ЧАЙНОГО ЛИСТА  ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЗЕЛЕНОГО БАЙХОВОГО ЧАЯ МЕТОДАМИ ГОРЯЧЕГО ВОЗДУХА  И ИНФРАКРАСНОГО ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2397-8696</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Куликова</surname>
       <given-names>Наталия Евгеньевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Kulikova</surname>
       <given-names>Nataliya E.</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>nataliyakulikova67@mail.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>ЧЕРНОБРОВИНА</surname>
       <given-names>АНТОНИНА ГРИГОРЬВЕНА</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Chernobrovina</surname>
       <given-names>Antonina GRIGORIEVNA</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>CHernobrovinaag@mgupp.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>кандидат технических наук;кандидат технических наук;кандидат технических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>candidate of technical sciences;candidate of technical sciences;candidate of technical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Российский биотехнологический университет</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Russian Biotechnological University</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Военный учебно-научный центр военно-воздушных сил «Военно-воздушная академия имени профессора Н. Е. Жуковского и Ю. А. Гагарина»</institution>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Military Educational and Scientific Centre of the Air Force «Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin Air Force Academy»</institution>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">РОСБИОТЕХ</institution>
     <city>Москва</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">ROSBIOTEKH</institution>
     <city>Moscow</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-09T07:12:07+03:00">
    <day>09</day>
    <month>07</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-07-09T07:12:07+03:00">
    <day>09</day>
    <month>07</month>
    <year>2026</year>
   </pub-date>
   <issue>5</issue>
   <fpage>273</fpage>
   <lpage>289</lpage>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.kgau.ru/en/nauka/article/111833/view">https://vestnik.kgau.ru/en/nauka/article/111833/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель исследования – определение закономерностей процессов фиксации чайного листа для производства зеленого байхового чая методами горячего воздуха и инфракрасного облучения. Задачи: изучить кинетику и установить эффективные режимы фиксации чайного листа методами горячего воздуха и инфракрасного облучения – ключевого этапа в производстве зеленого чая; построить и проанализировать кривые сушки, температурные кривые и кривые скорости сушки, кривые инактивации ферментов; провести сравнительный анализ качества полуфабрикатов чая, полученных разными методами фиксации (пропаривание, ИК-облучение, горячий воздух), по органолептическим и физико-химическим показателям. Объект исследований – сырье для производства зеленого байхового чая – «Лист чайный (сортовой механизированного сбора)» с содержанием огрубевшей и грубой фракции (ОГ-фракции) до 20 %, произведенного в Краснодарском крае. Методы фиксации: горячим воздухом с использованием сушильной камеры КС-15; инфракрасным (ИК) облучением на лабораторной установке в условиях открытой и закрытой камеры. Использовался режим двустороннего непрерывного облучения в течение 120–150 с, мощность ламп 500 Вт, расстояние от ламп до поверхности слоя 150 мм, толщина слоя листа 25–30 мм, интенсивность облучения 0,4–0,6 кВт/м2. Для оценки качества фиксированного чайного листа и полуфабрикатов использовался комплекс органолептических и физико-химических методов. Для горячего воздуха: экспериментально обоснованы технологические параметры (температура 178–184 °C, длительность 210–240 с), обеспечивающие подсушивание листа до влажности 60–64 % и его эффективную фиксацию, преимущества перед прокаливанием по качеству продукции и энергоэффективности. Для ИК-облучения показано, что метод, особенно в закрытой камере, обеспечивает быстрый нагрев листа (до 96 °C) и наиболее полную инактивацию ферментов. Полуфабрикат имел наивысшие дегустационные оценки и лучшее физико-химические показатели (экстрактивные вещества: 39,8 против 37,2 %; фенольные соединения: 18,7 против 16,4 %). ИК-фиксация по всем качественным показателям превосходит традиционное пропаривание. Выявлены комплементарные преимущества режимов в открытой (энергоэффективность) и закрытой (высшее качество) камерах.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>The aim of the study is to determine the patterns of tea leaf fixation processes for green leaf tea production using hot air and infrared irradiation methods. Objectives: to study the kinetics and establish effective modes of tea leaf fixation using hot air and infrared irradiation methods, which is a key stage in green tea production; to construct and analyze drying curves, temperature curves and drying rate curves, enzyme inactivation curves; to conduct a comparative analysis of the quality of semi-finished tea products obtained using different fixation methods (steaming, IR irradiation, hot air), according to organoleptic and physicochemical indicators. The object of the study is raw material for the production of green leaf tea – &quot;Tea leaf (varietal mechanized harvesting)&quot; with a coarse and rough fraction (COF) content of up to 20 %, produced in the Krasnodar Region. Fixation methods: hot air using a KS-15 drying chamber; infrared (IR) irradiation in a laboratory setup in open and closed chamber conditions. A two-sided continuous irradiation mode was used for 120–150 s, with a lamp power of 500 W, a distance from the lamps to the layer surface of 150 mm, a leaf layer thickness of 25–30 mm, and an irradiation intensity of 0.4–0.6 kW/m2. A combination of organoleptic and physicochemical methods was used to assess the quality of fixed tea leaves and semi-finished products. For hot air, the process parameters (temperature 178–184 °C, duration 210– 240 s) were experimentally substantiated. These parameters ensure leaf drying to 60–64 % moisture content and its effective fixation, offering advantages over calcination in terms of product quality and energy efficiency. For IR irradiation, it was shown that this method, especially in a closed chamber, ensures rapid leaf heating (up to 96 °C) and the most complete enzyme inactivation. The semi-finished product had the highest tasting scores and better physicochemical properties (extractive substances: 39.8 vs. 37.2 %; phenolic compounds: 18.7 vs. 16.4 %). IR fixation outperformed traditional steaming in all quality parameters. Complementary advantages were revealed between open (energy efficiency) and closed (highest quality) chamber modes.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>фиксация чайного листа</kwd>
    <kwd>пропаривание</kwd>
    <kwd>ИК-облучение</kwd>
    <kwd>горячий воздух</kwd>
    <kwd>зеленый байховый чай</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>tea leaf fixation</kwd>
    <kwd>steaming</kwd>
    <kwd>IR irradiation</kwd>
    <kwd>hot air</kwd>
    <kwd>green leaf tea</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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